Stainless steels are iron based alloys containing at least 10.5% Chromium. They achieve their stainless
Stainless steels are iron based alloys containing at least 10.5% Chromium. They achieve their stainless characteristics through the formation of an invisible and adherent Chromium rich oxide film. Alloy 316 is a general purpose austenitic stainless steel with a face centered cubic structure. It is essentially non-magnetic in the annealed condition and can only be hardened by cold working.
The stainless austenitic steel 1.4401 is mainly used in the chemical industry, apparatus engineering, pulp industry, food industry.
The austenitic stainless steel 1.4404 (316L) shows good acid resistance. Material 1.4404 (316L) is used in the chemical industry, apparatus engineering, sewage plants, and paper industry.
The stainless austenictic steel 1.4435 is mainly used in the pulp industry and textile industry.
Chemical Composition %
| C | Mn | P | S | Si | Ni | Cr | Mo | Ti | N | Nb |
316L | 0.035 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.0 | 10-14 | 16-18 | 2-3 |
|
|
|
1.4401 | 0.07 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.015 | 1.0 | 10-13 | 16.5-18.5 | 2-2.5 |
| 0.11 |
|
1.4404 | 0.03 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.015 | 1.0 | 10-13 | 16.5-18.5 | 2-2.5 |
| 0.11 |
|
1.4435 | 0.03 | 2.00 | 0.040 | 0.015 | 1.0 | 12.5-15 | 17-19 | 2.5-3 |
| 0.11 |
|
316 | 0.08 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.0 | 11-14 | 16-18 | 2-3 |
|
|
|
Mechanical propertoes
| Tensile strength(Mpa) | Yield point(Mpa) | Elongation(%) Longitudinal | Elongation(%) transverse |
316L | 485 | 170 | 35 | 25 |
1.4401 | 510-710 | 205 | 40 | 30 |
1.4404 | 190 | 490-690 | 40 | 30 |
1.4435 | 190 | 490-690 | 40 | 30 |
316 | 515 | 205 | 35 | 25 |